Beat cream cheese and powdered sugar together until smooth. Scoop 24 small portions onto a lined tray and freeze for 15 to 20 minutes until just firm.
Preheat oven to 350 degrees Fahrenheit. Line two 12-cup muffin tins with paper liners.
Make streusel: whisk sugar, flour, and cinnamon together. Cut in cold butter until mixture resembles coarse wet sand. Refrigerate until needed.
Whisk all dry batter ingredients together in a large bowl.
Whisk eggs, sugar, pumpkin puree, and oil together in a separate bowl. Add dry ingredients and mix until just combined.
Fill each muffin cup with 1 to 2 tbsp of batter to cover the bottom. Place a frozen cream cheese portion in the center, positioned low. Cover with remaining batter. Sprinkle streusel over each muffin.
Bake 20 to 25 minutes until a toothpick inserted into the pumpkin portion comes out clean and streusel is golden.
Cool on a wire rack at least 10 minutes before serving.